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It must have been around eleven o'clock in the morning when I awoke from a stuffy and uncomfortable sleep, in the back of a moving mini-van. My mouth was dry, my nose was sore, and my eyes itched from sleep crust. A huge yawn escaped from my mouth as I tried to stretch my aching limbs. As I was stretching out, I accidentally kicked my little brother Sam in the head. So much for peaceful sleep, he woke up in a foul mood. He must have thought that I kicked him on purpose because he punched me as hard as he could in my leg.I got really mad at him I yelled " Why did you do that, I kicked you by accident?" I punched him in his chest. Now he was really mad, his screaming and his curses were pretty incoherent. He said something like " Punk why did you hit me?" I said " You hit me first, call me another punk and I'll hit you again!" We probably sounded like two babbling drunks because we were half sleep and using slurred speech. I was about to belt him one more for getting in my face but that was before he yelled "Auntie, Ron hit me!" I said in a whinny little voice " He started it auntie, I didn't do nothing!" "Knock it off you two, can't you see that I am trying to drive?" "Keep quiet before you wake up your grandmother and your sisters", said Aunt Florence as she gripped the wheel with one hand and turned to give us that cold " do n't mess with me today stare". That kept us quiet, we did not utter another word after that.As for not waking everybody else up, it was too late for that. Brenda, who is the youngest, awoke first. She was being pretty quiet but the silence would not last. She wanted to stop and use the bathroom but instead of waiting for auntie to find a rest stop she thought it would be better to nag everyone's ears off. Her nagging and whining woke Remy up; she is the oldest girl. The first thing that came out of her mouth was " I'm hungry let's stop at McDonalds" She was not too happy when Aunt Florence told her to look for a ham sandwich in the cooler because we weren't stopping until we got to

Concept Analysis: Quality of LIfe Essay

What does quality of life mean? How would a person define the concept of quality of life? Philosophers have studied questions similar to these in the aspect of what constitutes a â€Å"good† life for hundreds of years. There really is no certain date to the origin of quality of life as a specific term. In the years 1953 to 1954, two economists have been linked as the ones who used the concept in expressing their concern over ecological dangers of unlimited economic growth (Snoek, 2000). Other economists in the 1950s researched the ideas of what counts in life is not the quantity of goods but the quality of one’s life. Social scientists began to use the term quality of life in the 1970s. Also in the 1970s, there has been growing interest in quality of life issues in relation to nursing, medicine, and health care (Sarvimaki & Stenbock-Hult, 2000). Philosophers used the concept quality of life in the 1980s to formulate moral judgment, particularly with infanticide and euthanasia in relation to severely handicapped infants and life sustaining treatment (Pennacchini, Bertolaso, Elvira & DeMarinis, 2011). Researcher’s interest in theoretical issues and quality of life has fallen, but quality of life continues to be used in health care and clinical practice (Pennacchini et al, 2011). There are thousands of people living today with disease and health disparity. For some individuals, the goal of health may not be freedom of disease or health disparity, but a high quality of life. Through concept analysis using the Walker and Avant Model, the concept of quality of life will be examined with an emphasis on health. Many aspects will be explored to the concept, including uses, attributes, case examples, antecedents and empirical referents. Concept The concept of quality of life and what it means is highly ambiguous. Barofsky (2012) explains that any broad concept, such as quality of life, will continually change as it is further studied and more is learned on the concept. In a broad aspect, quality of life can be defined as the dimensions of human experience, ranging from those associated with the necessities of life, such as food, shelter, and achieving a sense of fulfillment and personal happiness (Snoek, 2000). Related to health, quality of life can be defined as a concept encompassing physical and psychological characteristics and limitations, describing an individual’s ability to function and get satisfaction from the ability to function (Snoek, 2000). The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) defines quality of life as a broad multidimensional concept that includes subjective evaluations of positive and negative aspects to life. Healthy People 2020 (2013) defines health related quality of life as a multidimensional concept including a person’s well being of physical, mental, emotional and social functioning and explains this concept goes beyond life expectancy, causes of death, and direct measures of population health. Purpose Analyzing the concept of health related quality of life helps one understand the concept with deeper meaning and clarity. A question to be asked is, â€Å"how do health practitioners improve the quality of life in patients?† The purpose of quality of life analysis is to improve awareness on the concept and to promote the use in medical and nursing practice. With the growing needs to enhance health related quality of life, national goals have been initiated. Healthy People 2020 (2013) identified quality of life improvement as an important public health goal, paving way to further analysis of the concept. Uses of the Concept The concept of quality of life can be used in many different aspects and disciplines. In general, quality of life can be used with philosophy, politics, business, social sciences, health promotion, nursing, and medicine. Quality of life can be used for life evaluation in each of these disciplines listed above. In health care, for example, research may examine quality of life in relation to cancer treatment versus palliative care. Another specific example would be a study on complementary and alternative medicine use and quality of life in diabetics. In medicine, the concept of  quality of life can be used in many different aspects from disorders, diseases, treatment implications, and improvement of quality of life. In sociology, quality of life can be used for social indicators to trace changes over time and monitor the social system, for example. In politics, quality of life can be measured on individual rights and the freedom of choice. The examples provided are a select few to the wide range of uses for quality of life. Defining Attributes Defining attributes are traits or distinctive features of a concept, giving greater insight to that concept. One of the most important defining attributes to quality of life is happiness. Philosophers have studied happiness for long periods of time, considering happiness to be the highest good and utmost motivation for humans (Kerce, 1992). From other literature review, there are attributes most frequently associated with quality of life, which include: physical health, mental health, level of independence, social and emotional facets, and spirituality. Another attribute that has emerged is ones ability to reflect on their life at a given moment and consider themself to be happily satisfied. There are many individual perspectives to what constitutes quality of life according to each of these defining attributes. For example, quality of life in the aspect of physical health may be pain or ability to sleep. Quality of life in psychological state may be physical appearance, feelings, and self-esteem. For individuals who live in the United States and other developed countries, attributes to quality of life may be different compared to non-developed countries. For example, a person in Africa may define quality of life by freedom from torture, slavery, and religion. Other thoughts in non-developed areas could be the access to education, access to health care, freedom of disease and health burden, and a right to be treated equally. There are many luxuries in the United States and other countries that are not an option in non-developed areas that one must consider with defining attributes at a cultural level. Model Case A model case is used to demonstrate all of the defining characteristics of a concept. For a model case with quality of life, a person would have to be in a state of physical health, mental health, happy, independent, have adequate  social aspects, be able to evaluate their life, and a healthy spiritual life. With this, one must keep in mind the individuality of what these terms mean to someone. A model case could be the following scenario: P.C. is a 62 year-old male who recently retired from his job as an electrical engineer with Paskato Brothers Incorporated. This man is happily married to his wife of 40 years and together they have four children and ten grandchildren. P.C. and his wife are planning their years of retirement to be fulfilled with tourism, purchasing a lake home, and spending time with their children and grandchildren. Socially, P.C. spends Wednesday afternoons with his good friends at Zest Creek golf course. P.C. attends Heart and Spirit Lutheran Church and considers himself to be strong in his beliefs. P.C. exercises three times a week at Wellness World and attends a bone-building class on Tuesday mornings to keep his bones and joints healthy. According to P.C.’s yearly physical with his primary care provider, he is in excellent physical and mental health. P.C. reflects on his life and feels extremely blessed to be in his position and states he â€Å"would not change a thing.† P.C. considers himself to be happy, healthy, and full of life. In this model case, P.C. has met all of the attributes that contribute to quality of life. P.C. is able to look at his life with satisfaction and happiness. From the model, one can determine that P.C. is in good physical health, mental health, social and emotional health, and satisfied with his spiritual life. Also, P.C. is independent in his life, being able to care for himself and has no physical limitations. Borderline Case In life, there are several different components to quality. Many people would argue that the quality of ones life is what matters, not the longevity. From analyzing quality of life, one can understand this concept with better meaning and clarity. Quality of life as a concept has been examined through uses, attributes, case examples, antecedents and consequences, and empirical referents. Through examination, one can determine there are subjective and objective components to quality of life, with an emphasis to individuality. Awareness to the concept has been brought to light, with indication for the importance of quality of life in health care to better patient’s lives. Hopefully, research will continue on ways to improve quality of life in all aspects, with a special focus to health care. References Armstrong, D., & Caldwell, D. (2004). Origins of the concept of quality of life in health care: A rhetorical solution to a political problem. Social Theory & Health, 2, 361- 371. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/458047/Origins_of_the_concept_of_Quality_of_Life_i n_health_care Barofsky, I. (2012). Can quality or quality-of-life be defined? Quality Of Life Research, 21(4), 625-631. doi:10.1007/s11136-011-9961-0 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Population Health (2011). Health-related quality of life. . Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hrqol/concept.htm Healthy People 2020, Division of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Research Methodology - 1700 Words

An overview of Research Methodology Research defines as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic . In fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. The term research refers to the systematic method consisting of enunciating the problem, formulating a hypothesis , collecting the facts or data , analyzing the facts and reaching the certain conclusions either in the form of solutions toward the concerned problems or in certain generalizations for some theoretical formulations It is actually a voyage of discovery Research Purposes To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into the object-( termed a exploratory or formulative research studies) To portray†¦show more content†¦All this means that are necessary for the researcher to design his methodology for his problem as the same may differ from problem to problem Scope of Research Methodology The scope of research methodologies includes research methods and the logic behinds the methods we use in the context of our research study and explain why we are using a particular method or technique and why we are not using others so that research results are capable of being evaluated either by the researcher himself or by others. Why a research study has been undertaken? How the research problem has been defined? In what way and why the hypothesis has been formulated ? What data have been collected and why particular method has been adopted, what particular technique is used n similar other questions are usually answered when we talk of research methodology concerning a research problem or study ? Qualities of Good Research Good research is systematic : that is structured with specified steps in a sequence as defined set of rules. Good research is logical: that is logical reasoning and logical process or great value in carrying out research. Logical research makes research more meaningful in the context of decision making. Good research is Empirical: related to one or more aspects of a real situation and deals with concrete data for external validity purpose. Good researchShow MoreRelatedResearch Methodologies966 Words   |  4 PagesReserve (AFR) medical unit offers various problems and possible solutions for research and study as we continue into the 21st century. However, research methodologies and the availability of information offers opportunities into understanding and gaining knowledge pertaining to leadership, management and the culture as it pertains to the organization. This paper will delve into the qualitative aspect of research methodology and the methods of literature reviews and surveys as tools for gather informationRead MoreResearch Methodology For The Research1255 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Introduction In doing the research, the methodology must be appropriate so that the analysis findings could reach the objective. Research methodology proposed one procedure in order way to be follow to answer all the questions in the research that want to be made. Quoted by Denzin and Lincoln (1994), methodology is a process that related with research objective and data. In the others word, it is early research planning that include the research scope, data collectionRead MoreResearch Methodology16940 Words   |  68 PagesRESEARCH METHODOLOGY S. Rajasekar School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli – 620 024, Tamilnadu, Indiaâˆâ€" P. Philominathan Department of Physics, Sri AVVM Pushpam College, Poondi, Thanjavur – 613 503, Tamilnadu, India V. Chinnathambi Department of Physics, AKGS Arts College, Srivaikundam – 628 619, Tamilnadu, India In this manuscript various components of research are listed and brieï ¬â€šy discussed. The topics considered in this write-up cover a part of the research methodology paperRead MoreCompare different research methodologies for health and social care637 Words   |  3 PagesP3: Compare different research methodologies for health and social care. In this assignment I will be comparing the different types of research methodologies for health and social care. INTERVIEWS: Interviews are usually taken for people when they are looking for jobs or looking places in college and universities. There are many advantages of interviews, one being that they will be able to get good information and some data, also they will develop their communication skills too when talking toRead MoreResearch mEthodology957 Words   |  4 Pages4. Empirical research in India in particular creates so many problems for the researchers. State the problems that are usually faced by such researchers. 5. A research scholar has to work as a judge and derive the truth and not as a pleader who is only eager to prove his case in favour of his plaintiff. Discuss the statement pointing out the objectives of research. 6. Creative management, whether in public administration or private industry, depends on methods of inquiry that maintain objectivityRead MoreChapter 3: Research Methodology Research Methodology Is859 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 3: Research Methodology Research methodology is the process used to collect information and data for the purpose of making business decisions. Primary Research, Justification and Biases Primary research is the experiments, investigations, or tests carried out to acquire data first-hand, rather than being gathered from published sources. However primary research is costly, time consuming, sometimes the feed backs are inaccurate and the number of resources are required The methodology may includeRead MoreResearch Methodology : Research Methods1868 Words   |  8 Pages 3. Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction This chapter will focus on the research methods application and explain why use these research methods to accomplish this case study. This study was used the qualitative method to collect various data in order to get more depth and comprehensive information to explore the questions of this study. The qualitative method mainly used in exploratory research on objectives, it can be used to obtain potential causes, ideas, and motivations. Furthermore, the qualitativeRead MoreResearch Methodology Used For Research1207 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Methodology Introduction This chapter discusses the methodology used for this research. Describing type of methodology in research study and define the chosen method and approach for this research. Then, the outline of research strategy used, framework this research conducted and data sources collected to obtain valid and reliable research as the objective determined. Review of Research of Methodology Broadly speaking, there are several purpose of research. It depends on the objectiveRead MoreResearch Methodology : Research On Research1072 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Methodology Introduction: Introduction in research is the most important section as it gives an overview of the research and the contents of the document to the readers. It should take users from their own lives to the place of the research analysis. Introduction part should give the essential information of why the research topic is important in the field. It should be concise though it does not have any word limits. In general introduction gives the review of the research. It is the bestRead MoreMethodology of a Research, An Outline2175 Words   |  9 PagesMETHODOLOGY Methodology of research indicates the general pattern for organizing the procedure for the empirical study together with the method of obtaining valid and reliable data for problem under investigation.70 Research methods refer to the technique used to structure a study and to gather and analyze information in a systematic fashion.37 Research methods involves the steps, procedures and strategies for gathering and analyzing data in a study.37 The present study aimed at assessing the

Inner and outer beauty in Dorian Gray Essay - 1495 Words

The term ‘beauty’ may have very relative significance. Something can be beautiful for us, but ugly for other people. The external beauty of a person is often the first thing that we pay attention to. This is the result of the association of beauty with good and ugliness with evil. Through the outer appearance we make a general opinion about a given person. Such a way of thinking may be very misleading. In order to get to know the person we need to look to the inside – into the soul. This is the place where the real beauty and ugliness are hidden. The notion of inner and outer beauty is perfectly presented in the novel ‘The Picture of Dorian Gray’ by Oscar Wilde. The story described in this book shows how the external attractiveness†¦show more content†¦Under the influence of Lord Henry, Dorian is more and more eager for seeking pleasure in life. This becomes his priority. Realizing his astonishing look, Dorian’s deeds become more and more cruel and his inside starts changing irreversibly. The first significant change in his inner beauty occurs after meeting an actress, Sybil Vane. At the beginning we may think that his affection to her is true, but soon after it is obvious that he fell in love only with her acting. Therefore, when Lord Henry criticizes Sybil’s acting Dorian finds no other reasons for being with her:’ I loved you because you were marvelous, because you had genius and intellect, because you realized the dreams of great poets and gave shape and substance to the shadows of art. You have thrown it all away. You are shallow and stupid. My God! How mad I was to love you! What a fool I have been!’(Chapter 7). The cruel break up becomes the first step to Dorian’s downfall. The first change appears in the picture, reflecting the corruption of his soul. The face in the picture changes its expression. It is no longer beautiful and innocent but rather cruel and incalculable. It represents the same emotions, which accompanied Dorian while breaking up with Sybil. He realizes that the wish made in front of the painting became true. His outer beauty did not change at all, but his inner beauty began to fade away. For a short time remorse and fear occur inside Dorian, especially when he learns of Sybil’s suicide.Show MoreRelatedInner and Outer Beauty in Dorian Gray1512 Words   |  7 PagesThe term ‘beauty may have very relative significance. Something can be beautiful for us, but ugly for other people. The external beauty of a person is often the first thing that we pay attention to. This is the result of the association of beauty with good and ugliness with evil. Through the out er appearance we make a general opinion about a given person. Such a way of thinking may be very misleading. In order to get to know the person we need to look to the inside Ââ€" into the soul. This is the placeRead MoreKiller Instincts in Oscar Wildes Novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray778 Words   |  3 Pagesothers,† (Wilde 46). Dorian Gray deceives himself by not knowing he is in love, and ends by showing everyone his most horrible traits. In his novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde talks about Dorian Gray, an innocent, beautiful young man who does not understand the power of his own beauty. Basil Hallward, an artist, discovers Dorian and paints a magnificent portrait of him. When one of Basil’s friends Lord Henry advises Dorian of his divine beauty and youth, Dorian wishes for the portraitRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray Analysis1623 Words   |  7 Pages Oscar Wilde’s novel The Picture of Dorian Gray shows us the triumph of a corrupting influence over a virtuous one. In the novel, Lord Henry’s influence over Dorian overpowers Basil’s and leads to Dorian’s eventual demise. In analyzing Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray, the theme of good versus evil reflects off of Lord Henry’s and Basil’s interactions with Dorian and Dorian’s internal struggles, thus exemplifying that a person with weak virtues will falter in the face of hedonistic temptationRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1416 Words   |  6 PagesWilde’s novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, chronicles the transformation of Dorian Gray from an naive youth to a corrupted monster. The simplicity of the storyline contrasts the complexity of Dorian Gray; specifically, the cause of his corruption. The cursed portrait, and characters such as Lord Henry and Basil, play a significant role in the Dorian’s journey to pernicity, but neither of three can be held entirely responsible. Dorian Gray’s initial innocence conceals an inner evil within him; the amalgamationRead MoreBeauty in The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesPicture of Dorian Gray, beauty is depicted as the driving force in the lives of the three main characters, Dorian, Basil and Lord Henry. Dorian, the main character, believes in seizing the day. Dorian is described as an addict, having mad hungers that grew more ravenous as he fed them. Basil, the artist, admires all that is beautiful in life. Lord Henry, accredited ones physical appearance to the ability of achieving accomplishments in life. Lord Henrys moral position in Dorian Gray is akin toRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray Analysis1257 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Victorian prose, The Portrait of Dorian Gray explores the idea of duality. The divided self within the character of Dorian Gray begins with his misunderstanding of his self-image, beca use of the influence of a portrait. Dorian’s fate and transformation connect to the painting, which leads to his downfall. The painting contains Dorians moral decline as changes to the picture affects his life. Through the portrait, he gains an image of himself as an independent individual compared to his previousRead MoreOscar Wilde Character Analysis1093 Words   |  5 Pagescultured aristocrat, yet some scenes are in the east, where Dorian skulks, seeking out opium dens The golden west side contrasting with the shady east side mirrors the difference between Dorian’s clean outer appearance and his tainted soul Classroom in Dorian’s mansion is where the portrait is hidden, eventually transitioning into the same place where Dorian becomes a murderer The classroom that Dorian hides his portrait in reminds Dorian of his childhood, furthering his obsession with youth BookRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1950 Words   |  8 PagesIn the â€Å"Picture of Dorian Gray†, Oscar Wilde prefaces his only novel by examining the value of art and the artist. After a short examination, Wilde concludes that â€Å"All art is quite useless† (Wilde, 2), contradicting the principles of the Aesthetic Movement, a contemporary to Wilde and Dorian Gray, that became popular during the fin-de-sià ¨cle English Victorian society. Aestheticism believes in imitating art and living life experiencing the pleasures of the world, adopting the hedonistic way of livingRead MoreAbstract Aestheticism in Oscar Wildes The Picture of Dorian Gray2148 Words   |  9 Pagessuggested that art should hold no purpose in society and merely exist for its beauty. He argued, as any aesthete would, that by giving art a value greater than its beauty, society is in turn ruining it. He also added that art must be looked at as a whole, and only those who can see the complete pictu re can truly understand the meaning behind art, while also seeing into the artists soul. In the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde portrays aestheticism in many ways, mainly through art and theRead MoreGender Trouble in Paris Essay628 Words   |  3 PagesIn Gender Trouble, Judith Butler discusses complications with constructions of inner and outer worlds of the body. She argues that â€Å"internalization of gender†, as common linguistics describes it, is a part of the heterosexual hegemonic binary of gender conformity which distinguishes inner and outer worlds. Gender, in the commonly accepted model, is innate and through a process of bringing out the inner gender is expressed. Butler proposes, instead, that â€Å"the gendered body is performative† and

Lab Report On The Concentration Of Haemoglobin - 2734 Words

Practical Session 2 Experiment carried out on 09/02/2015 Sarah Craig- B00631238 Report submission date 27/02/2015 Investigating haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in blood samples using the haemoglobincyanide method and in foetal haemoglobin samples Introduction The aim of this experiment was to determine the concentration of haemoglobin in an unknown blood sample using the haemoglobincyanide method and to adapt this method to determine percentage haemoglobin F (foetal haemoglobin) in an unknown sample, and to understand the relevance of these tests in the calculation of Hb concentration. Haemoglobin is a protein molecule found in red blood cells (RBC). Its role in the body is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the body s tissues and then returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs. The transportation of oxygen is only possible when haemoglobin (Hb) within the RBC binds to oxygen. (Martini Nath, 2006) Haemoglobin has complex quaternary structures. The normal adult haemoglobin (Hb) molecule contains two alpha-globulin chains and two beta-globulin chains. In foetuses and infants, the haemoglobin molecule is made up of two alpha chains and two gamma chains, but as the infant grows, the gamma chains are gradually replaced by beta chains, forming the normal adult haemoglobin structure. Foetal haemoglobin can bind oxygen more readily. This means the developing foetus can ‘steal’ oxygen from the mother through the bloodstream at the placenta.Show MoreRelated Disease Resistance and the Immune Modulatory Effects on Nile Tilapia 1067 Words   |  4 Pagespotentially probiotic bacteria, but probably the most well documented are LAB [41]. Among LAB, lactobacilli strains have been the focus of much interest. Since, the immune system modulation strongly dependent on the metabolites they produce, such as proteolysis, could release peptides that may (or may not) interact with immune cells to induce distinct immunomodulatory response [42]. Though only few strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially Lactobacillus, have been isolated from marine environmentsRead MoreA Brief Note On Coagulation Screening And Corrections Practical3140 Words   |  13 PagesHaematology and Transfusion Science Practical Proforma Semester 1 2014 Student Number: 13006788 Haematology Practical 1 Haemostasis: Coagulation Screening Corrections Practical Using the data generated in the practical session you will write a report below consisting of an: Introduction - (10 marks) Introduce the utility of coagulation, the theory behind the tests and the clinical relevance of the tests. Results- (10 marks) Present your data appropriately with normal ranges stated for allRead MoreThe Effect Of Caffeine On The Heart Rate Of Daphnia2723 Words   |  11 Pages Abstract In this experiment we find how caffeine can affect the heart rate of a culture Daphnia. Heart rate of a living organism’s can vary depending on the individual, age, body size, heart conditions, medication use and even temperature. This report will examine if the caffeine is good or bad for the living organism’s health and body. And discuss about where the caffeine is produced and used in daily life of human beings and on the environment. Daphnia is a water flea used in this experimentRead MoreHospital Management System4215 Words   |  17 PagesHospital Management System Project Report On â€Å"Hospital Management System† Submitted By: 1. Mansi Chitkara. 2. Namita Khandelwal. 3. Avinash Chaporkar. Guided By: Mrs. Kapila Pareek Assistant Professor IIIM, Jaipur. Team Number: - 09 International School of Informatics Management Formerly India International Institute of Management 1 Hospital Management System CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Hospital Management System embodies the original work done by Mansi ChitkaraRead MoreEssay Iron Deficiency Anemia3208 Words   |  13 Pagesmedstudents.com.br/hemat/hemat4.htm). Low ferritin (iron storage molecule) and high TIBC (total iron binding capacity) levels also indicate Iron Deficiency Anemia (http://www.ohsu.edu/som-hemonc/handouts/deloughery/printanemia.html). As the concentration of hemoglobin in the Red Blood Cells falls below normal, the total Red Blood Cell count consequently decreases. Therefore, oxygen cannot be adequately carried. (http://www.mayohealth.org/mayo/pted/htm/iron.htm). Normal Values of the

CCNA Exploration Companion Guide †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the CCNA Exploration Companion Guide. Answer: Introduction: The system needs us to subnet the network into individual networks which are unequal. The IT department requires a sizeable subnet to accommodate 520 workstations and allow room for expansion as the sales department requires a smaller subnet to handle the 40 workstations. Dividing the network into subnets will give classes of Subnet masks which will best suit each unit with considerations of the hosts each department will need and the available hosts in each subnet mask. The workstations will be interconnected by the Access points for all the devices that can access wireless internet and there will be the main switch from the primary router from where all the other switches will be connected(Abbate, 2010). All the other workstations will be linked via Ethernet cables because they are more reliable than the wireless network and less prone to errors and hitches. From the main distribution, switch will be connected all the other switches that lead to different offices of the department so that every office will have its switch and if need be, an Access point. For more efficiency in the implementation of the addressing space, using Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) is recommended to allow the use of different masks for every subnet (Moran, 2010). The Variable Length Subnet Masking will assist in the creation of subnets large enough and with more than 255 addresses for the host. Use of the Variable Length Subnet Masking will enable us to assign IP addresses with a minimal number of Internet Protocol addresses wastage thereby leaving a surplus. All units will consist of a setup like the one shown below. The primary router will interconnect each unit to the head office. The router will connect to the main switch which will be connected to other switches that will connect to the end devices(Comer, 2011). The access point will be linked to the primary router, and some devices will connect to the network via the access point. The switch shown is the main distribution switch which connects directly to the router. All other switches will connect to the main switch unless the office spans a very large area where there will need to connect the switches to a bridge. The router will be connected to the modem which will allow it to access the internet and connect to the other routers from the other offices(James F. Kurose, 2008). All the routers will be linked to the web via the virtual private network so that their IP addresses will not be visible to other devices on the internet but not in the company's private network. Every department will have an Access Point which will make it easier connecting devices which may not need an ethernet cable for connection. Switches interconnection and configuration as per the subnets is shown below(Institute). The subnet masks will be calculated as below. The 10.0.0.0 IP address is a class A network. With the use of VLSM to allocate Internet Protocols in every department gives us the below subnets: The IT department is the largest department and therefore needs the biggest range of IP address(Mogul J., August 2009). We shall, therefore, assign a high range of IP addresses as per the high usage requirements. It will, therefore, adopt subnet mask 255.255.252.0 and 10.0.0.0/22. The start IP address will be 10.0.0.1 and end IP 10.0.3.254. As per the departmental demands, the subnet mask used will be the best regarding wastage of IP addresses and allow room for expansion(Press C. ). All the devices and workstations in the IT departments will, therefore, use IP addresses between the given start host IP address and end host IP address. The Office of Finance is 2nd in the IP address needs. With the use of the subnet mask 255.255.254.0, the Internet Protocol address will be 10.0.0.0/23. The finance department will be suited by the sub network since its hosts are below 508. It will be the best having the minimum possible wastage of IP addresses and the start IP host address will be 10.0.0.1 and end with 10.0.1.254. The Office of Transport and logistics is third in IP requirements and will consist of a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 and an IP address with 10.0.0.0/24. The beginning IP address will be 10.0.0.1 and end in 10.0.0.254. This will suit the departments need providing all the required IP addresses and leaving a surplus which will cater for any increase in the number of hosts instead of restructuring the whole network. The research office is holding approximate 120 workstations will fall under the 255.255.255.128 subnet mask. It will take a 25-subnet mask IP address of 10.0.0.0/25. Beginning IP address will be 10.0.0.1 and end IP will be 10.0.0.126. It will allow 125 host workstations which are the best fit for our research office department. Being more than the department needs will cater for any other hosts that may require IP addresses in future and also is the best regarding wastage of IP addresses. The head office has 60 workstations. It will, therefore, have a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192 with an IP address with 26 subnet mask bits of 10.0.0.0/26. Beginning IP address will be 10.0.0.1 and end with 10.0.0.62. It will, therefore, be the best fit for our head office having sixty-one host IP addresses available. The sales office has an approximate of 40 workstations. It will adopt a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192. It will have an IP address with 26 subnet masks of 10.0.0.0/26. Beginning IP address will be 10.0.0.1 and end IP will be 10.0.0.62. The addressing solution leaves enough space for expansion within the departments and makes sure of minimal IP address wastage (Institute). With the research office having ten workstations, it is at a needful point with a subnet of 126 hosts. Further expansion of the department will require reviewing the entire addressing scheme. The Head Office having 60 workstations will need a 62-host subnet. Loss of IP address is minimized by having two free addresses in the subnet. In case the office expands with an extra two workstations, the entire addressing scheme should be reviewed. Using the VLSM addressing procedure fits well for the subnets since some are as large as 255 hosts like the IT department subnet. It should, therefore, be addressed a manner that will allow future expansion(Cerf, Vinton G., Kahn Robert E., 2013). It is also necessary to have small subnets to avoid loss of addresses. Using the method ensures there is minimal wastage by giving IP addresses close to the needed and avoiding loss of IP addresses by having a sub network with many host IP addresses but only a few hosts to connect to it. It also caters for growth by leaving a surplus IP addresses and therefore, if there is need to upgrade the network by increase the number of hosts, it will not be necessary to restructure the whole system design. Role of Network analyzers in TCP/IP networks A TCP/IP network will always require close monitoring to make sure it is up and running to check any devices that may be experiencing a breakdown. It will help ensure the network is running correctly and serving all its needs. It is also important to keep monitoring the security of the network to make sure that there are no intruders who penetrate the system and to ensure that all unauthorized persons do not gain access to a workstation or a device they are not supposed to(Press C. , 2010). Network administrators are supposed to give reports on a timely basis about the network. However, it is hard for a network admin to keep analyzing the operations of the system and detect any problems that arise. That is the reason they need Network Analyzers. The roles of a network analyzer The Network analyzers, therefore, are used by the network administrators to help analyze and diagnose problems occurring in the network and the network analyst will have easy time predicting the source of the problem and the best troubleshooting techniques they can employ. This is important in keeping a monitor all day and night and better than having the network administrator keep an eye all time. It would be easy for an intruder to get in and tamper with the system without the administrator getting a clue unless the system fails. It is usually easier for the network administrator to troubleshoot and diagnose the system when there is a failure at any node when they are using a network analyzer(Postel, January 2014). The network analyzer will provide all the requirements needed to monitor and manage the network system. The network analyzer will track the Wide Area Network and the Local Area Network status and statistics which will help in reviewing the security of endpoints. These will contribute to keeping a continuous and timely update of the network which is a basic need for a busy network that is to be kept up and running. It ensures that the reports the network administrators give are correct and timely since the analyzer system will keep logs of all time even when the administrator may not have seen. All the data packets that have been transmitted or received on the network will be monitored by the analyzer, and it will be evident when some malicious content is allowed into the network system. The network analyzer can automatically block the intruder all notify the administrator to take the necessary action(C., 2016). The network analyzer will also help in verification of any change in the system to help know whether it is genuine by use of filters, firewalls, and proxies. Why we need a network analyzer in M2M The network analyzer ensures that the system is kept secure. All the subnets will be connected via the internet, and therefore an intrusion may occur in any of the six offices. It is therefore important to have a central place of analysis. There are many network analyzers made available by different software development companies. Most of them work similarly and differ in their method of interception of log traffic(Tanebaum, 2008). Wireshark is one of the network analyzer software running on most Unix and Windows platforms. Wireshark can be able to view Transmission Control Protocol sessions and record logs on the sessions. Most network analyzers work by consoles while Wireshark's console is inclusive. It is, therefore, better to use Wireshark than other network analyzers provide it is kept up to date. As displayed by the Wireshark logs screenshot, it is possible to understand the working on it and its logs even when one is not a trained Network admin. The software is also open source which makes it easy to get timely updates. References Abbate, J. (2010). Inventing the Internet. Cambridge: MIT Press. C., S. (2016). Network Security Architectures. Cerf, V. G. (2007). A protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication. Cerf, Vinton G., Kahn Robert E. (2013). The introduction of packet satellite communication. Comer, D. (2011). Internetworking with TCP/IP Principles, protocols, and architectures. Dye, M., McDonald, R., Rufi, A. (2012). Network Fundamentals, CCNA Exploration Companion guide. Cisco Press. Institute, I. S. (n.d.). Internet Protocol. Internet Program Protocol Specification. Retrieved from www.tools.ietf.org/html/frc791#page-7 James F. Kurose, K. W. (2008). Computer Networking. Mogul, J., J., P. (August 2009). Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure. Moran, J. (2010, September 1). Understanding and resolving IP Address conflict. Retrieved from www.webopedia.com Postel, J. (January 2014). Model of Operation. In I. S. Institute, DOD Standard Internet (p. 5). Marina del Rey, California: University of California. Press, C. (2010). Network Security Architectures. General Design Considerations for Secure Networks. Press, C. (n.d.). IP addressing guide. Retrieved from www.cisco.com/web/about/ciscoitatwork/downloads/ciscoitatwork/pdf/Cisco_IT_IP_Addressing_Best_Practices.pdf Tanebaum, A. S. (2008). Computer Networks.

Odysseus As The Epic Hero Essays - Odyssey, Odysseus, Calypso

Odysseus As The Epic Hero Odysseus's Journey to Becoming The Epic Hero Outline I. Introduction - In Homer's The Odyssey the tale of a man's journey back home after long years at war is also the tale of a man's spiritual journey through his own soul. II. The beginning - Odysseus leaves Troy feeling almost immortal and this pride is what leads to his downfall and second rise. III. The middle - Odysseus undergoes his symbolic death and rebirth. IV. The end - Odysseus has regained power over his household and has restored order to his life. V. Conclusion In Homer's The Odyssey, the tale of a man's journey home after long years at war, is also the tale of a man's spiritual journey through his own soul. Odysseus' role as an epic hero is modified throughout the epic poem. As Odysseus leaves Troy for home, he is the typical bloodthirsty warrior. During the course of his trek, he undergoes a symbolic death and rebirth. Upon his arrival in Ithaka, the wiser man he has become is evident. The Odyssey is Odysseus' story of his journey not only from Troy to Ithaka, but also from bloodthirsty warrior to epic hero. Odysseus begins the tale of his trip from Troy to Phaiakia in Book IX. The beginning of his tale displays the bloodthirsty warrior that left Troy. What of those years of rough adventure, weathered under Zeus? The wind that carried west from Ilion Brought me to Ismaros, on the far shore, A strongpoint on the coast of Kikones. I stormed that place and killed the men who fought. The first lines of Odysseus' story display his warrior side. This passage shows how he and his crew landed and immediately went to battle and plundered. Although Odysseus recalls telling his men to stop afterwards and return to the ship, he never really forcibly tried to make the men return. The lack of effort on Odysseus' part implies that he did not truly care if the men ransacked Ilion. Due to this greed and bloodlust, nearly a third of each ship's crew was lost. This bloodthirsty warrior cared only for battle and blood, instead of his men and his return home. After stopping on the island of Aiaia, the home of Kirke, Odysseus journeys to Hades. This represents a symbolic death for Odysseus. There he must speak with Teirasias to hear the prophet's visions for Odysseus's journey home. Teirasias predicts that the journey can take two paths; either a peaceful journey home, or if the crew and Odysseus can not restrain their desires, death and destruction will befall the crew. Odysseus and his crew do not heed Teirasias's warning, and the entire crew save Odysseus is lost at sea. After nine years on Kalypso's island Odysseus finally continues his journey home. The strong god glittering left her as he spoke, And now her ladyship, having given heed To Zeus's mandate, went to find Odysseus In his stone seat to seaward-tear on tear Brimming his eyes. The sweet days of his life time Were running out in anguish over his exile, For long ago the nymph had ceased to please. Though he fought shy of her and her desire, He lay with her each night, for she compelled him. But when day came he sat on the rocky shore And broke his own heart groaning, with his eyes wet Scanning the bare horizon of the sea. Odysseus had begun to lose hope of ever getting home. Kalypso grudgingly gives in to Zeus' order and aids Odysseus in obtaining wood for a ship. After nineteen days at sea, he is battered in a vicious storm and washes up half-unconscious, bloody, and naked in Phaiakia. This episode represents a symbolic rebirth for Odysseus. His time of incubation on Kalypso's isle is over and he emerges naked and bloody - like the day he was born. Once he has landed on Phaiakia, Odysseus realizes that he can not continue on as a bloodthirsty warrior, but rather must heed the wisdom passed on to him by those he met in Hades and change his outlook. It is at this point that Odysseus begins to fully comprehend the effects his actions have on those around him, as well as on his future. Only now is he truly ready for his tumultuous return to Ithaka. By the time